Biomedical sensors

For measuring physical quantities like pressure, temperature and blood flow, biomedical sensors are used. It can also be used for the measurement of chemical quantities such as concentration of chemicals and measurement of biological quantities such as biomolecules, bacteria etc.  Utmost care should be taken while designing biomedical sensors for the measurement of biological quantities. Here some biomolecules are borrowed from nature which is allowed to interact with species to be measured. Biomedical sensors usually incorporate antibodies, enzymes, proteins, dead and alive bacterial cells, dead and alive eukaryotic cells, plant tissues and animal tissues. We can classify biomedical sensors into two types-contacting type and noncontacting type. Noncontacting type can be either electromagnetic or radiation type. The main components of a biomedical sensor are a membrane, a physical transducer and a biocatalyst. The biocatalyst-membrane combination acts as the receptor of the sample. The materials used for the protection of sensor from the biological environment are silicon elastomers, polyurethanes, polyamides, plasma deposited polymer films, stainless steel and titanium.